Parkinsons Disease Essay - 1764 Words

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a striatal dopamine deficiency disorder as a consequence of neuronal loss in the substania nigra. It is named after James Parkinson, a British apothecary, who first fully documented its physical signs in 1817. Since then, significant advances have been made in our understanding of characteristic pathophysiology as well as in the medical treatment of different stages of PD. An overview of condition features in terms of epidemiology, manifestations, diagnosis and disease management will be discussed in this paper. I. Epidemiology Parkinson’s disease is a common form of Parkinsonism, affecting as many as one out of every hundred people aged 65 years and over. The disease prevalence increases with age, with†¦show more content†¦These physical signs are commonly unilateral at onset, but become bilateral as the condition progresses. Apart from that, patients may have a flexed truncal posture accompanied by an expressionless face with hypophonic, monotonous speech and micrographia. Even though PD is predominantly a motor system disorder, mental health problems such as depression and dementia, and disturbed sleep are frequently encountered non-motor impairments. Several studies indicate that depression, above any other factors, is the major determinant of decreased quality of life, affecting not only the patients themselves yet their family and carers. Meanwhile, it is likely that the patient age poses a high risk of developing dementia. Another problem need to be taken into account is orthostatic hypotension which may further contribute to the occurrence of falls in the late stages of PD. In addition, autonomic disturbances consisting of urinary incontinence, erectile dysfunction, constipation, drooling of saliva, dysphagia probably ensue. III. Diagnosis The diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease remains entirely clinical in most cases, based on a history and examination. Recently published guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) advise that PD should be suspected in someone primarily presenting with the following cardinal signs: slowness, muscular stiffness, tremor at rest, balance problems and/Show MoreRelatedThe Parkinsons Disease1596 Words   |  6 PagesMany people around the world today suffer from Parkinson’s disease and other movement disorders. A movement disorder is a disorder impairing the speed, fluency, quality, and ease of movement. There are many types of movement disorders such as impaired fluency and speed of movement (dyskinesia), excessive movements (hyperkinesia), and slurred movements (hypokinesia). Some types of movement disorders are ataxia, a lack of coordination, Huntingtons disease, multiple system atrophies, myoclonus, briefRead MoreThe Parkinsons Disease76 1 Words   |  3 PagesMathur states that â€Å"Genetics loads the gun, environment pulls the trigger† (Mathur). Parkinson’s Disease (PD) exhibits this pattern, with the vast majority of PD cases being idiopathic, likely the result of combined genetic and environmental factors. While many researchers previously sought symptom-specific treatment, recent breakthroughs open the door for the discovery of genetic and environmental causes so that disease prevention, and even reversal, emerge as viable possibilities. Recent research demonstratesRead MoreParkinson’s Disease Essay1446 Words   |  6 PagesParkinson’s Disease is known as one of the most common progressive and chronic neurodegenerative disorders. It belongs to a group of conditions known as movement disorders. Parkinson disease is a component of hypokinetic disorder because it causes a decreased in bodily movement. It affects people who are usually over the age of 50. It can impair an individual motor as well as non-motor function. Some of the primary symptoms of Parkinson’s disease are characterized by tremors or trembling in handsRead More Parkinsons Disease Essay1642 Words   |  7 PagesParkinsons Disease Parkinson’s Disease (PD), the shaking palsy first described by James Parkinson in 1817, is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder which affects in upwards of 1.5 million Americans. The disease begins to occur around age 40 and has incidence with patient age. One survey found that PD may affect 1% of the population over 60. Incidence seems to be more prominent in men, and tends to progress to incapacity and death over one or two decades. Clinical diagnosis of PD isRead MoreEssay on Parkinson’s Disease1305 Words   |  6 PagesParkinson’s Disease (PD) is a chronic neurological disease that effects about 329 per 100,000 people in the US. The average onset of this disease usually is for people over the age of 50, with the baby boomers getting older there may be an increase in this disease, as much as 9 million people worldwide. (Pawha 2010) Etiology The disease happens when the cells in the brain are damaged or stop-producing Dopamine, which helps with muscle movement, thus leaves those patients unable to control theirRead MoreParkinson’s Disease Essay1260 Words   |  6 PagesParkinson’s Disease Parkinson’s Disease (PD), known for its degenerative abilities and debilitating affects, is an illness that affects approximately 1 million Americans. The cause of this disease has not been pinpointed, although strides have been made towards a cure. As our elderly population increases, so does our overwhelming need to find a suitable cure that may one day eliminate this disease. Concepts of PD After watching the video: My father, My Brother, and Me, viewable at www.pbsRead MoreParkinsons Disease Essay1504 Words   |  7 Pages Parkinsons Disease Parkinsons is an idiopathic, multifactorial neurodegenerative disease that attacks neurotransmitters in the brain called dopamine. Dopamine is concentrated in a specific area of the brain called the substantia nigra. The neurotransmitter dopamine is a chemical that regulates muscle movement and emotion. Dopamine is responsible for relaying messages between the substantia nigra and other parts of the brain to control body movement. The death of these neurotransmitters affectsRead MoreEssay Parkinsons Disease3763 Words   |  16 PagesParkinsons Disease In 1817, James Parkinson published his famous treatise: An Essay on the Shaking Palsy, describing the symptoms which now collectively bear his name. Although many scientists before his time had described various aspects of motor dysfunction (ataxia, paralysis, tremor) Parkinson was the first to collect them into a common syndrome; one which he believed formed a distinctive condition. His sixty-six page essay contained five chapters describing symptoms, differential diagnosesRead MoreParkinsons Disease Essay784 Words   |  4 PagesDiagnosis of Parkinson’s Disease is extremely important in terms of treating the symptoms before the disease gets worse. It is common for patients with PD to have motor symptoms such as gait disorder, which comes from muscle stiffness/rigidity, bradykinesia, postural imbalance, etc. Gait disorders can generally help determine how far the neurological disorder has affected the motor function and control of the individual. Many physicians in general c linics determine if a patient has PD or if it hasRead MoreEssay on Parkinson’s Disease2135 Words   |  9 PagesParkinson’s Disease Parkinson’s disease is a disease with a wide variety of disabilities recognizable as changes in appearance, posture, walking, and balance. In 1817, the English physician James Parkinson described these symptoms in his patients and has had his name become synonymous with the disease. In 1893 the substantia nigra of the basal ganglia was identified as an area of disease for Parkinson’s. Examination with the naked eye reveals a lack of black pigment in this portion of the brainstem

The Number Of Children Poverty Essay - 2329 Words

The number of children in poverty in Aotearoa New Zealand 2016 has become an enormouse problem. As of 2013 one in four children is in a household that lacks enough income for basic needs like being able to heat their house, own a decent pair of shoes or purchase fruit and vegetables too consume (Perry, 2013, p213). Since the election of the current National Party lead government six years ago, 35,000 more children are living in poverty-stricken lives. As with other governments facing similar problems, such as Australia and .. there is now discussion within different political parties within New Zealand about how the people in political power can reduce the number of children in poverty. A social issue can often be hard to define, whether it is a private or public issue is often one of great debate. The use of social policy is used to create a collective response to perceived problems surrounding equality, gender, disability, ethnicity, power, freedom and sustainability. The signific ant increase of children in poverty is of interest because of clashing views of different political debates about how to improve the wellbeing for the children that are living in these unhealthy standards. All parties involved in these debates have both positive and negative opinions on how this can be achieved. This essay will argue that the Green Party of New Zealand, with their social democratic set of beliefs have the potential to positively impact the lives of children in poverty. The essayShow MoreRelatedThe Definition Of Poverty On The Number Of Adults And Children1518 Words   |  7 PagesThe definition of poverty hinges on the number of adults and children in the family. Based on income in the United States in 2015, roughly, poverty lines as the weighted average poverty thresholds for family with one person, two people and three people, are 12,082, 15,391, and 18,871 dollars, respectively [1]. Poverty rate differs between race and Hispanic origin, age, and sex, disability status, and other societal characteristics, including immigration status, region, and work experience. The realRead MoreThe Culture Of Poverty : Promising Practices That The Number Of Children2120 Words   |  9 PagesPoverty is something that significantly impacts the lives of many people. Cuthrell, Stapleton, and Ledford (2010) stated in the article Examining the Culture of Poverty: Promising Practices that the number of children in the United States living in poverty is nearing 13 million. Cuthrell et al. (2010) also stated this means one of six children is poor. These statistics justify that poverty is a pivotal issue educators need to understand to benefit those students that are living in poverty. InRead MorePoverty Is A Major Problem All Over The World1600 Words   |  7 PagesPoverty is a major problem all over the world. When looking at poverty in certain regions it has been determined th at it is also a major problem within the United States. The first thing to determine is the definition of poverty as defined by the United States government. Next, a discussion over the scope of poverty in the United States, Missouri, Kansas City, and Jackson County. Then, a consideration over contributing factors of poverty as it currently exists in the United States. FollowedRead MoreChild Poverty Is A Harsh Condition1261 Words   |  6 PagesChildren in Poverty in Las Vegas Poverty is a harsh condition which is relentless at any given age. The difference among poverty in children and poverty in adults is that poverty in children could leave effects impacting the children for the rest of his life. Southern Nevada, specifically the Las Vegas Valley has one of the highest rates in children poverty of the nation. According to Talkpoberty.org in the state of Nevada itself, one in every four kids live in poverty. The issue of child povertyRead MoreSocial Welfare Vs. The Market958 Words   |  4 PagesThere are many reasons why individuals live in poverty. Such as drug addiction, lack of education, Unaffordable housing, criminal record, and alcohol addiction. These issues cripple our country continuously. â€Å"Poverty is not anyone persons decision. Parents do not wake up one day and just decide not to feed their family or pay bills. Poverty is a state when individual’s essential needs are not satisfied, Such as healthcare, education, food, and housing which are the main components to survive everydayRead MoreThe Effects of Children Poverty in the UK Essay963 Words   |  4 PagesStudy: The effects of Children Poverty in the U.K Introduction â€Å"When I was young, poverty was so common that we didn’t know it had a name† a quote by Lyndon B. Johnson.(Brainy Quotes) We all have witnessed or experienced poverty in our lives whether we identify or not are not the points of my study. I want people to see the numbers do not lie and we have to help with this huge increase of poverty. Poverty affects families, groups and individuals especially the children where the UK is concernedRead MoreThe Effects Of Us Poverty : The Degradation Of Health Essay1601 Words   |  7 PagesThe Effects of US Poverty: The Degradation of Health The United States of America has been considered by many to be the richest and most blessed country to exist. Many of its people are wealthy and powerful. Many US citizens are happy people, living in their homes with their families. However, some US citizens are living in extreme conditions that affect their lives drastically. Many face homelessness, some face extreme hunger, and most experience more stress than happiness throughout their livesRead MoreState of America’s Children: Child Poverty Essay1332 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ State of America’s Children: Child Poverty Argosy University Online November 20, 2013 Abstract America is one of the riches countries in the world it is home to approximately 406 billionaires and many millionaires, babies are being born into poverty about every 32 seconds everyday (Children’s Defense Fund, 2010). The Children’s Defense Fund (CDF) reports one is every five children are born in to poverty and children constitute for the poorest age group in America (Children’sRead MoreStatistical Analysis Of Poverty Level Data Report904 Words   |  4 PagesGallup The 2015 Statistical Analysis Poverty Level Data report shows in the United States, there was an increase in which families’ are able to provide food per person within their household. After the devastating financial and economic crisis in 2008, families have been in financial detriment for years trying to maintain consistency in providing food, support, and shelter. Not until the government 2015 report, there were clear evidence of a sufficient rise in food surplus in low income familiesRead MoreChild Poverty And Its Effects On Children1214 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Child poverty has become one of the most significant ongoing issues in New Zealand. According to the Child Poverty Monitor Technical Report in 2013, one out of four New Zealand children are growing up in poverty and one out of six are growing up without meeting the basic needs such as adequate and nutritious food, health care, adequate clothing and housing. Ten percent of the New Zealand children are at the hardest end of poverty and sixty percent of children living in poverty will likely live

Basic Sentence Structures And Samples Free Essays

Using the four basic sentence structures in a written work is very important, first as a means of clarity of expression, and second as a means of adding dimension and variety to a written work. For instance, using only simple sentences such as â€Å"The woman eats everything she sees. † will not give continuity to a written work, and will make the work sound and look like an enumeration of things, just a list of everything with nothing to link each of these together. We will write a custom essay sample on Basic Sentence Structures And Samples or any similar topic only for you Order Now On the outset, it will make the written work ambiguous or difficult to understand. There should be a variety of sentences in a written work, so noticeably, if for instance, the above sentence is followed by a compound sentence like, â€Å"She eats everything but she also chooses what to eat based on her mood. † the above simple sentence acquires another dimension and thus, more clarity. Now if to these two sentences another sentence is added, a complex sentence, like, â€Å"She opens her mouth every time something edible is in sight until the item is too big for her mouth. † the idea expressed in the first two sentences becomes even clearer, hence, the function of clarity; and with the introduction of new ideas in the third sentence, more variety is achieved. Finally, with the addition of a compound-complex sentence, such as, â€Å"When she is full, the woman’s stomach distends immensely, and she stops eating. † the ideas come full circle and maximum clarity is achieved. The above sentences may therefore be written as follows. â€Å"The woman eats everything she sees. She eats everything but she also chooses what to eat based on her mood. She opens her mouth every time something edible is in sight until the item is too big for her mouth. When she is full, the woman’s stomach distends immensely, and she stops eating. † How to cite Basic Sentence Structures And Samples, Papers

Human Resource Management by British Airways

Questions: 1.(a) Based on your experience, explain the difference betweenpersonnel and human resource management and asses your roleand responsibilities as a human resource manager. (b) Evaluate the role and responsibilities of the line manager of yourchosen organisation (c) Examine the organisational factors that affect the HRM function inyour organisation, outlining the impacts of legal and regulatoryframework of the country.2. (a) Explain how important is human resource planning in yourorganisation and discuss the stages of the planning process. (b) Analyse the recruitment and selection process in your chosenorganisation and assess your contribution as a Human ResourceManager3. (a) Using the example assess the link between motivational theory andreward within the context of your chosen organisation. (b) Analyse and discuss how your organisation determine pay using theprocess of job evaluation (c) Assess the effectiveness of the reward systems in the chosenorganisation. (d) Discuss how would assess the effectiveness of the reward systemin the chosen organisation. Explain how employee performancemonitored and measured in your organisation4. (a) Examine the causes of termination of employment with anorganization and compare the exit procedures used in your andanother similar organisation. (b) Evaluate the impact of legal and regulatory framework whenarranging employment cessation or termination using yourorganisation as an example. Answers : Introduction Human Resource Management has gained importance over the last few years. The report has been prepared to analyse the human resource management practices being followed at British Airways. The study highlights how the organization has overcome a variety of challenges during the successful implementation of their current human resource management Policy and strategy. The various aspects that have been studied in the report are Understanding on Personnel Management and Human Resource Management Recruitment and Selection Process Reward System and motivation of employees Termination and cessation of employment All the above aspects have been discussed with respect to British Airways. Based on the discussion on these aspects the policies and framework of human resource management have been understood for the implementation, constraints and concerns. 1.Based on your experience, explain the difference between personnel and human resource management and asses your role and responsibilities as a human resource manager With the evolution of the different management perspectives and the role of managing the workforce has evolved over the years. This has resulted to the development of personnel management and human resource management. The major differences between the personnel and human resource management are on the basis of (Rothwell Kazanas, 2003) Scope of Service: Human resource management has broader approach in comparison to personnel management as personnel management is concerned with functional activities in an organization such as manpower planning, job evaluation, recruitment and performance appraisal. The human resource management is integrated to the core strategy of the company and is associated not only with all these aspects but also the activities such as leadership, development of organizational culture, motivation etc. Approach: From the viewpoint of human resource management values and mission are important whereas personnel management attach importance to norms and established practices in the organization Nature: Personnel management is indifferent to the core organizational activities and reactive approach is followed wherein the actions are taken with respect to corporate strategy and goals. On the other hand human resource management is proactive approach wherein the human resource management is integrated with corporate goals and the workforce is aligned accordingly. Application: Personnel management has little involvement of line managers and lays down job description that is rigid and has many grades. Human resource management has less ranks and defined career path with consideration to initiative and creativity. Evaluate the role and responsibilities of the line manager of your chosen organization The line managers play a very important role in the modern business environment wherein the human resource management has greater influence on the business processes. Considering the business of British Airways it can be seen that the business processes require efficient staff and knowledge of the tasks that need to be performed. The various roles and responsibilities of the line managers at British Airways have been discussed below (Boxall, Purcell and Wright, 2007) Employee Engagement: The line managers at British Airways are quite important as it has been seen that the line managers help in developing organizational culture. Focusing on the strengths of the employees and encouraging communication they are likely to engage with the team better and also result encouragement of employees. Although HRM can result in measurement of employee engagement but it is generation and reduction of level of engagement is influenced by line managers. Performance Appraisal: Line managers play an important role in the performance appraisal as well as they provide feedback to the HR managers. The level of engagement of line managers influences the performance appraisal and effective communication and discussion results in effective performance appraisal that will certainly impact the performance. Imparting Discipline: The expectation set out by the line managers and the regular monitoring of the performance results in imparting discipline. The commitment and the enforcement of the rule by the line managers will certainly be a step forward towards imparting discipline and influence employee performance. British Airways has also realized the importance of human resource management with central focus on proper management of the organization on properly managing the people. As a result the role of line managers has evolved from traditional supervisory role to people resource management. This includes take effective step and involvement in recruitment selection, reward management, employee relations and performance appraisal. The above discussions highlight the high level of performance that has been attained. Examine the organizational factors that affect the HRM function in your organization, outlining the impacts of legal and regulatory framework of the country. There are several factors that can affect the HRM in an organization. These are environmental as well as organizational factors. The organizational factors having an effect on the HRM function have been discussed below (Myloni, Harzing Mirza, 2006) Competitive Strategy: the level of competitive strategy requires high level of efficiency and commitment from the different teams. This leads to important aspects of HRM and these functions of HRM greatly impacts the implementation of the competitive strategy of the organization. Management Values: the knowledge, value and competence of the management influence how the new operations and growth aspects in the business are organized. This constitutes the administrative heritage. Such aspects of the management values greatly influence and increase the role of HRM in the organization. Control of Owners: With the need of the integration and coordination of the policies and practices. The control of owners, especially in case there are several subsidiaries of the company. The control of owners can be managed by having effecting HR practices wherein these practices will resemble that of the owners. Staff Size: The firms with size of that of British Airways have a large number of employees. Managing large employee base requires continuous involvement in order to ensure that the right number of employee strength is available (Myloni, Harzing Mirza, 2006). The legal and regulatory framework in UK is quite stringent and ensures that the concerns of the staff members are well addressed. In view of this the role of HRM is quite important as it ensures that the regulatory and legal framework is abided by. 2. Explain how important is human resource planning in your organization and discuss the stages of the planning process. Human resource is quite important in the current business environment. The significance and role of human resource department, on the high level, has been discussed above. From the viewpoint of British Airways the human resource planning is important for two different processes such as Recruitment: The recruitment process at British Airways is given huge importance. This is because of the level of expertise that is required for example in case of pilots and also the quality of services that is provided which is highly influenced by the front desk staff and the customer care executives. The other departments are also quite important and the presence of professionals will greatly impact the performance of the company (Lloyd, 2007). Training compliance: The training and compliance as important as the recruitment process in the organization. The British Airways is subjected to different challenges. Further the implementation and development of effective strategy is required. Considering this the training and compliance it will be helpful for the company to identify the factors where training is required thus accordingly the training plan can be developed. Also another important role of the HR planning is to ensure the compliance to federal and state laws which will impact a huge range of processes such as employee hiring, compensation requirements and workplace safety regulations. Human resource planning assesses the manpower requirement in an organization. Further based on these requirements it is attempted to perform organizational activities. The complete HR planning process is a continuous process. Following are the different stages of HR Planning process (Boxall, Purcell and Wright, 2007) Identification/ Assessing Human Resource Needs: This is the first and very crucial step in the HR planning process. In this step the company workforce is analyzed for the strengths, weaknesses and the capabilities. The personalities and the skill set at the individual level is also required to be analysed Demand Supply Forecasting: The demand and supply of the personnel in the market is forecasted and accordingly the future needs of the company are assessed and the expected availability of resources is estimated. Analyzing Manpower Resources: The analysis of the available manpower resources is conducted based on which the requirement of the company is analyzed and accordingly the suitable resources are recognized. Appraisal Action Plan: The complete action plan is developed. The appraisal of the action plan ensures that any shortcoming in the action plan needs to be handled. This is a continuous process and the appraisal is done on monthly, quarterly or annual basis. Analyze the recruitment and selection process in your chosen organization and assess your contribution as a Human Resource Manager The selection process at British Airways includes three stages depending upon the post for which application has been given in British Airways. The first stage is the application form. The screening of the candidate is done at this stage based on the candidates meeting the criteria. The second phase of the recruitment process at British Airways includes the group exercises, interviews, psychometric tests or role playing games. The first stage is the screening of the applicants while the second stage is the assessment of the applicants. Last stage is the testing stage. It is used in case there is consideration for the unreliability of interviews as an indicator of the potential of the candidate. There are several forms of testing for example aptitude test etc. The nature of test will highlight the capability of the candidate although at times it may seem time consuming. However for certain job positions at British Airways this stage is quite important. The human resource manager plays a very important role in the recruitment and selection process. It is the responsibility of the human resource manager in the screening of applications i.e. at the first stage itself. Unless the right candidates are identified at the first stage itself and all the candidates are interviewed the cost of recruitment will increase and at the same time if very few candidates are interviewed as a result of strict parameters to be fulfilled the cost related to retaining of the resource may go up. In both cases the company will have to suffer. It is thus the responsibility of the human resource manager to ensure that optimum number of candidates go through the recruitment process (Storey, 2007). Further the human resource manager also play a role in the development of the complete process. 3.Using the example assess the link between motivational theory and reward within the context of your chosen organization There are several motivational theories that have been developed. Firstly discussing the Herzbergs two factor theory highlights that there are Hygiene factors and the satisfiers/ motivators, there is certainly impact on the reward within the British Airways. Salary, working conditions and organizational policies are the hygiene factors which do not motivate the employees but do impact the level of dissatisfaction. On the other hand the Authority, opportunity and recognition do improve the motivation level. The reward for the employee is the recognition or the authority. The recognition can be in terms of the additional benefits that are provided by the company and authority in terms of the level at which the employee is there in the organization (Van Herpen, Van Praag and Cools, 2005). Considering the other motivational theory i.e. Maslows Need hierarchy theory it ranks the various expectations of the employees from bottom to top in terms of the job security to self actualization. This model of motivation has been employed to a certain extent and training and motivational programs are developed in order to satisfy these needs of the employees. Analyze and discuss how your organization determine pay using the process of job evaluation The job evaluation process establishes the relative value of the jobs at British Airways. The two steps that are involved in the job evaluation process are job description and evaluation. The job description identifies the major aspects related to the job such as responsibilities, accountability, decision making, qualification required (Schuler Rogovsky, 1998). The job evaluation analyses three major factors. The knowledge that is required for effective performance, the complexity of the decision making role in the organization and authority or control that is there and required within the position. Based on these factors the pay structure in the company is developed. Another important tool that is utilized by the company is the salary surveys wherein he salaries of the staff and the compensation policies of the company are compared with the cross section of other employers in the company. This is analyzed and accordingly the suitable changes to the payment structure of different employees are determined. Lastly the jobs are rated based on the classification of jobs in the company, responsibility, education or qualification required, physical involvement. These aspects are determined in the first step i.e. job description stage of job evaluation. Assess the effectiveness of the reward systems in the chosen organization The reward system at British Airways has been the prime concern for the top management. It is believed that effective reward management is important from the viewpoint of maintaining motivation level of the employee and at the same time depicts the harmonious management style of the company in comparison to the other market players (Kiyani, Akhtar and Haroon, 2011). The reward system at British Airways includes both monetary and non monetary benefits components. The key aspects of the reward system of British Airways are Controlled Reward and Managing Reward System: The reward management control strategy employed at British Airways is quite efficient. Control offers opportunities with regards to planning and execution in a organized manner reflecting the spirit and mission of the company. It also enables the continuity of the reward system in the company and at the same time gives opportunity to bring in changes in the system in accordance with those implemented by the other companies. Monitoring and Evaluating Reward Theories: This requires huge involvement from the line managers. Line managers play an important role in the monitoring and evaluation of the reward system as well as they provide feedback to the HR managers. The level of engagement of line managers influences the performance appraisal and effective communication and discussion results in effective performance appraisal that will certainly impact the performance. Devolution for line managers: As per this practice all the employees and not only the line managers are involved in the reward system. Further the senior management is also involved in the reward system. Discuss how would assess the effectiveness of the reward system in the chosen organization. Explain how employee performance monitored and measured in your organization The performance of the employee is assessed at both individual level as well as at team level. The evaluation of the performance of the team is quite important HRM activity. The performance is evaluated in terms of whether the performance is aligned to the organizational goals. The performance of the employees is measured by the performance appraisal scheme. Further as discussed above British Airways has ensured that reward is measured and continuous monitoring of the of the performance n terms of the feedback from the line managers is an important tool. It is important to note that British Airways employees 360 degree feedback process for performance measurement wherein the feedback from peers, team mates, juniors, line managers and the customers is taken and accordingly the reward is given to the employees. 4. Examine the causes of termination of employment with an organization and compare the exit procedures used in your and another similar organization. The termination of employment within an organization can be based on the factors such as Inadequate Job Performance: The employee may be terminated from its jb considering its inability to perform in the tasks that have been assigned. The termination in such cases is backed by the proper opportunities given to the employee Business Conditions: During the times of tough business conditions such as during the financial crisis may force the companies to lay off employees for economic reasons and thus can be considered as cost cut measures in order to sustain in the business environment. Unacceptable behavior: The unacceptable behavior of the employee at the workplace may result in termination. The unacceptable behavior includes theft, sexual harassment, verbal or physical threat to other employees Absenteeism: Frequent leaves and absenteeism from the job is another reason for termination. The absenteeism may be due to illness, lack of job satisfaction or psychological issues being faced by the employee resulting negative productivity. The exit procedure at British Airways is quite quick as most of the termination was related to the business growth during the financial crisis. The termination related to the performance of employee is quite low and can be linked to the training, growth opportunities and the reward system at British Airways. Overall the employee is provided sufficient time even after the notice is given to the employee. In the cases related to business growth the company ensures sufficient time is provided to the employee to take necessary steps to find new job. The support that is provided by the company depends on the case of termination. For example in case of all other cases except unacceptable behavior interview with the HR manager is conducted in order to get the feedback on the suitable changes that can be brought in so that the factors impacting the performance can be tackled. In case of unacceptable behavior the company employs fast processing and does not indulge into much formalities. The exit procedure at Harrods has been analyzed further. Considering Harrods it has been viewed that the cessation rate is very low in comparison to that in the UK economy. The major cases associated with cessation are because of theft and fraud. Further the exit process at Harrods is quite similar to that followed at British Airways. This is to say that it provides sufficient opportunities to the employee to provide an argument against the termination and accordingly the termination is reviewed and suitable action is taken by the company. Evaluate the impact of legal and regulatory framework when arranging employment cessation or termination using your organization as an example. Maintaining and abiding by the legal and regulatory framework at the time of termination of employee can have considerable effect on the company as every organization has to abide by these regulations and employ the cessation and exit procedures mentioned in these regulations. Considering the employment cessation or termination has been evaluated based on different perspectives such as published reports such as annual report and sustainability report of the company. Further the procedures employed by British Airways have been analyzed and lastly the news articles with respect to the violation of legal and regulatory framework. Based on the study it can be said that British Airways has been quite particular in this respect. It may be considered non-productive exercise by any other organization but at British Airways it is ensured that there is no impact on the performance of the company or in terms of the cost aspect as a result of negligence or non compliance with the regulatory framework for employment cessation or termination. Overall it can be said that the cessation and termination process at British Airways is quite stable and is as per the legal and regulatory framework. As per the sustainability report and the annual report it has been observed that the company has taken sufficient steps to ensure that the productivity and growth of the employee is there. This provides sufficient proof of the steps taken to ensure that no issues are faced by employee in performing as per the requirements. Further the study of the procedures employed by the company highlights that strict norms have been developed to ensure that there isnt any aspect that isnt covered as per the standards that have been developed. The company has never tried to oversee the provisions related to labor laws and its provisions. Further considering the latest news articles or the studies in this context there isnt any incident of Conclusion The above discussion on human resource management highlights the importance for British Airways. The study highlights how the organization has overcome a variety of challenges during the successful implementation of their current human resource management Policy and strategy. Another important point that has been analyzed is that as the company grows in size the need, importance and role played by human resource management increases. The analysis of the different aspects such as personnel management and human resource management, recruitment and selection process, reward system and motivation of employees and termination and cessation of employment shows that implementation of human resource management is a planned process and is evolved over the period of time. It also ensures that the proactive approach is employed resulting in better manpower planning and utilization as well as increased growth opportunities for the employees. References Myloni, B., Harzing, A.W. Mirza, H. (2006). The effect of corporate-level organisational factors on the transfer of human resource management practices: European and US MNCs and their Greek subsidiaries. The International Journal of Human Resource Management. Schuler, R.S. Rogovsky, N. (1998). Understanding compensation practice variations across firms: The impact of national culture. Journal of International Business Studies, 29(1): 159-177. Myloni, B., Harzing, A.W.K. and Mirza, H. (2004). Host country specific factors and the transfer of human resource management practices in multinational companies. International Journal of Manpower, 25(6): 518-534 Benedict, A. (2008). HRs Evolving Role in Organizations and Its Impact on Business Strategy. Ulrich, D., Brockbank, W., Johnson, D., Sandholtz, K., Younger, J. (2008). HR competencies: Mastery at the intersection of people and business. Alexandria, VA: Society for Human Resource Management. Budd, J. W., Bhave, D. (2010).The Employment Relationship. In A. Wilkinson, T. Redman, S. Snell, N. Bacon (Eds.), The SAGE Handbook of Human Resource Management (pp. 51-70). Los Angeles: SAGE. Boxall, P., Macky, K. (2009).Research and Theory on High-Performance Work Systems: Progressing the High-Involvement Stream. Human Resource Management Journal, 19(1), 3-23. Rothwell, W. Kazanas, H., (2003). Planning and Managing Human Resources Strategic planning for Personnel Management. 2ed. Amherst: HRD Press Kuvass, B .and Dysvik , A .(2009), Percieved Investment in Employee Development, Intrinsic Motivation and Work Performance, Human Resourse management Journal, Vol. 19(3),pp. 217-36 Kiyani, A . and Akhtar, S.and Haroon, M. (2011). Impact Of Monetary Rewards On Achievement Of Employees Personal Goals, IHART , Vol 14, ISSN 2150-6906. Van Herpen, M.F.M., Van Praag, C.M. and Cools, K. (2005), The Effects of Performance Measurement and Compensation on Motivation: An Empirical Study. De Economist, Vol. 153(3), pp. 303-29. Lloyd, C. (2007). Qualifications and an employer- led system: recruitment practices in the UK fitness industry, SKOPE Research Paper No. 75, Cardiff: Cardiff University, SKOPE Armstrong, M. (2003), A Handbook of Human Resource Management, Aberystwyth, Wales, 9th edition Boxall, P., Purcell, J. and Wright, P. (eds) (2007). The Oxford Handbook of Human Resource Management. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Storey, J. (ed.) (2007) Human Resource Management: A critical text, 3rd edition. London: Thomson Learning.

Philosophy Time Essays - Physical Cosmology, Big Bang, Time

Philosophy: Time Time is defined as a measured or measurable period, a continuum that lacks spatial dimensions. This broad definition lacks the simple explanation that humans are searching for. There are many scientists, philosophers, and thinkers who have tried to put time into understanding terms. The aspects of time that we can understand are only based on what we can perceive, observe, and calculate. Every day we look at our watches or clocks. We plan our day around different times of the day. Time tells us when to eat, when to sleep, and how long to do things for. If time were based on these simple terms, then this mysterious enigma would not be in debate. There are the issues of space and time; what is the relationship of the two? Is time relative, or absolute? What makes time seem to go faster in some instances, and slower in others? Does the speed of time change, or is it all in our heads? In the following paper, I will discuss the meaning of time perceived and theorized by two of the greatest minds of human kind. Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking have expanded the understanding of time to another level. Their ideas and opinions are what brought us to a higher understanding of the earth and the universe. In the following paragraphs, this paper will encompass these ideas, and try to find a focus of understanding of this thing we call time. First I will address the question, did time have a beginning? I don't think that anyone can explain the postulate that time has always been in existence. The problem with this, is that we have no scientific evidence or theories which can support this argument. Certainly, we can't just accept this spiritual idea. There had to have been a beginning of time. The most acceptable explanation of the beginning of time, is the relationship between space and time. When space and the universe began, the existence of time also began. This theory is well-known as the Big Bang Theory. About fifteen billion years ago, the universe was comprised of very hot compressed gas, as a fireball. This is contrary to the idea of the universe beginning as a lump of matter somewhere in the void of space. Matter was created as a result of the Big Bang. Space and time was also created. So, with these ideas, time had a beginning. Looking at it a different way, in the early universe, the normal concept of time is uncertain. Our accepted perceptions, and calculations of time can't be explained all the way back to the Big Bang. There is no way to define time in that era. This is another way that time has a beginning; as far back as we can calculate. Space-time began at the same time. According to Hawking, you can't look at the universe using general relativity without finding a big bang or something similar to that at the very beginning. So what does time mean to people now? Time is different as you go through time zones. Everyone has their own perception of time. Nobody is ever on the same schedule, doing things exactly like another person. Even to go as far as other galaxies and planets, time cannot be existing on the same terms. In short, time is not absolute. In the space-time continuum, space bends whenever there is a mass. It's kind of like a bowling ball hitting a trampoline. When it hits, it makes a ?dent?. This is a part in the space-time continuum which is different everywhere you go. The universe is expanding. The universe continues to expand, and the galaxies have continued to move away from each other ever since. This is why time is not a constant term. Nothing is the same, and there is no absolutes. Quantum Physics even shows that time is not an absolute. If you know where an electron is, you can't know it's speed. If you know what the speed of an electron is, then you can't know its position. If there are two chairs, and you see someone sitting in one, when you turn away, you can't be sure that he or she is still there. You also can't be sure that they are not in two chairs at the same time, or what point in time they are in them. This all leads up to Einstein's theory that time is relative. A lot of Einstein's theories of time relate to the speed of light. He says that time slows down, as you approach the speed of light. An experiment to support this theory was done

Quest for freedom and equality essays

Quest for freedom and equality essays Very few of the presidents of the United States have been responsive to the African American quest for freedom and equality. Some of them in fact, have been rather hostile. An example would be when President Andrew Jackson vetoed civil rights legislation and the Freedmens Bureau Act. When Congress overrode his veto, he still refused to carry out the law and this lead to his impeachment. Most of the presidents however, have been largely silent on the issues of race. President Roosevelt spent 13 years in office without taking a stand on racial discrimination. Despite declaring that racism was morally wrong, President Kennedy too was reluctant to take a risk by supporting civil rights legislation. Even when he issued Executive Order 11063, banning discrimination in federally assisted housing, he did so reluctantly. The Supreme Court has historically been against the African American quest for freedom and equality. They were so much against African American rights that in the case of Dredd Scott v. Sanford, Chief Justice Taney went on record to echo the sentiments of the entire court system, stating that the rights of African Americans were not universal but rather existed only as whites might choose to grant them. During the post-Reconstruction era, the Supreme Court also ignored the intent of the framers of the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments and declared unconstitutional several civil rights laws. Historically, the Congresss response to the African American quest for freedom and equality has been very patchy, but it was still the most responsive of the three branches of government. In 1787, Congress, through the Northwest Ordinance Act, banned slavery in the new territories of the upper Midwest. Then, in 1808, Congress abolished the slave trade. During the Civil War in 1862, Congress abolished slavery in the District of Columbia. From 1866 to 1875 Congress passed si ...

View of God in the New Testament Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

View of God in the New Testament - Term Paper Example The promise of a coming Messiah was awaited hoping that He would free people from the bondage of exile, and of subordination. But God had other plans of freedom in mind. It had been some two thousand years ago when a man named Jesus changed human history on earth. He was born in a carpenter’s household, in a manger, by a virgin. He was the prophecied Messiah as the Christian community holds upon. He is known for turning water into wine, for calming the storm and for producing food enough to feed the five thousand. He did not deny the case of Him being God himself—in human form. And with Jesus’ claims, was sentenced to die. He died the most shameful death a man could ever have during their time, a death on a cross. The story does not end there. After three days in the tomb, Jesus is resurrected back to life, he shows up to his disciples, he still eats with them, serves them food, and preached some more. It’s theological significance marked the victory of th e human race against death, against sin, against bondage, and everything else in between. He is soon then raised up into heaven after forty days upon his death and resurrectionand is presently seated at the right hand of God, the Father. The whole story can be of two natures. (1) This person named Jesus was a total lunatic who claimed He was God, a make believe story fanatics have made up to appease their fear of the afterlife—as some would say, or, (2) He changed the eternal destiny for each and every human being’s soul by purchasing with his own life and blood, as how prophecies foretold. â€Å"He has healed the blind, made the lame walk, raised the dead, and preached the good news to the poor.† (Mark) Though the question arises, why is this story still relevant to any of the estimated 7 billion people on earth in the 21st century, including me? And what would this mean for the daily habitual routine of an average American? The story may have been told a trill ion times. Some may have been twisted by some, improvised by many, and forgotten by a million, yet, its claims of being the most historical shifting event have ever offered in the Spiritual sense. It turned around, again in theological aspects, how people would and/or could actually relate and describe a divine. This story of Jesus actually changed the way the whole world can and/or will ever have to relate with the God who was viewed as a distant, angry God hundreds, and even thousands of years before the coming of Jesus Christ. The event gave being to the blueprint of the idea of a God to realting to a sinful human being. In Jesus, a fullness of how a God would walk, talk, act, weep, speak, and mourn was revealed. Jesus was, as described in the Bible, â€Å"is the image of an invisible God, the firstborn over all creation...†. It was a revelation of a diety made tangible and can be grasped. In the study of His life, He is presented as the mediator between man and God, makin g Him equal with God, at the same time, a full human being. He is presented as the Incarnate Person of the Trinity that stands in mankind’s place, this means that when God looks at the human race, He sees the person Jesus Christ instead. The doctrine of the God in the New Testament was a God shown in the person of Jesus Christ who was the sacrificial Lamb that paid the debt of mankind’s sin. This makes the whole difference as far as the Old and the New Testaments are concerned. Jesus is the mark that draws the

Legal Issue That May Arise When Caring For Highly Dependent Child Essay

Legal Issue That May Arise When Caring For Highly Dependent Child - Essay Example When such a legal issue arises it also impacts not only the family members of the affected child but the treatment and caring process of the nurses in the highly dependent environment also gets influenced. The present study focuses on the legal issue that might arise in the nursing of a highly dependent child in a highly dependent environment. For the particular study, the legal issue selected deals with the maltreatment of the nurses towards the highly dependent children and their roles to report in cases of child neglect of child abuse. The study also focuses on the impacts of the nursing and care of the nurses for such children when such a legal issue arises within a health organization when the nurses ignore the cases of child abuse and do not report them accordingly. Nursing of Highly Dependent Children: Small children require additional care from the nurses and a constant monitoring process (Moyse, 2009, p.241). Physical examinations might be required to detect any disease in t he child and this include observing the child, providing the child with physical touch and assessing the child’s health with an affectionate feeling, listening to the various sounds produced by the body of the child, as well as using the techniques of percussion (Fergusson, 2008, pp.8-9). Hence it is very essential that nurses take their responsibilities sincerely and provide the child with care and service of enhanced quality (Rosenbloom, 2005, p.483). The professional codes of conduct are also essential for a nurse to be followed in order to maintain their roles of care and treatment within a health organization. It would be relevant to mention the name of the International Council of Nurses with whom... The paper tells that small children require additional care from the nurses and a constant monitoring process. Physical examinations might be required to detect any disease in the child and this include observing the child, providing the child with physical touch and assessing the child’s health with an affectionate feeling, listening to the various sounds produced by the body of the child, as well as using the techniques of percussion. The professional codes of conduct are also essential for a nurse to be followed in order to maintain their roles of care and treatment within a health organization. It would be relevant to mention the name of the International Council of Nurses with whom several nurses and organizations of nurses are connected through membership. The primary role of nursing involves the treatment and caring of the patients which in the case of highly dependent children implies at a greater level of involvement and understanding on the part of the nurses. Howeve r when it comes to professional performance of the nurses, they have greater responsibilities since they have to make use of the scientific and technological advances as well in the understanding of the disease of the child and accordingly provide the required treatment. These responsibilities have other positive attributes for the child care since they allow the nursing facility to detect the drugs and treatment therapies appropriate for the treatment of similar diseases in other highly dependent children.

Sexual Assault Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Sexual Assault - Research Paper Example The attempt to or assaults to commit rape through threat or force are included. It excludes statutory rape. As of 2009, reports of forcible rape annually have reached 88,097. Of all the reported rape cases in 2009, 93% were rapes of force (URC). B. Rape by Fraud   Rape by fraud is a form of rape or sexual assault wherein the woman is made to believe that it is her husband whom she has sex with. Rape, as mentioned, is a woman’s the carnal knowledge in the absence of her consent and is obtained by threats, fraud, force, etc. The fraud here should be consist of certain strategies by which the woman is made to believe that the offender is her spouse (Lee v. State, 1902). C. Marital Rape   Marital rape, also referred to as intimate partner sexual assault, is one that is done or committed by the current or the past partner, whether boyfriend or spouse. It happens when there is forced intercourse within the marriage or the partnership. However, there are still many countries that do not consider marital rape as a crime. In the United States for instance, rape is defined as sexual conduct forced on an individual other than a wife since the wife sexual consent is presumed. D. Date Rape In acquaintance rape, the offender is usually somebody who the victim knows casually or by sight, such as a colleague or a neighbour. In date rape, the offender is somebody who the victim knows and who the victim has consented to spend time with. Somebody who commits acquaintance rape or date rape can make use of various tactics, such as seeing to it that she is isolated, locking the door, making promises of taking her home from an event or party but taking her someplace else instead; he may threaten the victim with public humiliation, telling her that he will tell their friends that they sexually romantic regardless of what might actually take place; he may pressure her emotionally, saying that if she doesn’t agree, he will leave her; or he may use economic pressure, sa ying that he deserves sexual intimacy because he paid for their dinner (Huff, 2009). II. Who are the offenders and their characteristics?   A. Age of Offenders According to Holmes (1991), sex offenders and rapists are likely to be young men below the age of 30 during the time of the assault. In a study conducted by Quinsey and Upfold (1985) involving 72 rape offenders, the average age of these offenders was 24 years old. The relationship between age and offense is seldom taken into consideration in the literature on rape beyond its descriptive qualities in the methodology. It was suggested that hormonal factors existing in young men were linked with sexual offense (Marshall and Barabee, 1984). B. Gender of Offenders According to researchers (e.g. Lievore, 2003; Avakame, 1999), between 97% and 99% of alleged sex offenders are male. While physiologically and legally females are also capable of committing rape, for example, by digitally or orally penetrating victims (both male and fe male), such instances seldom reach the criminal justice system (Matthews et al 1991). C. Class of Offenders According to Holmes (1991), overwhelmingly, convicted rape offenders are from lower socio-economic backgrounds. Usually, they have inconsistent employment history in unskilled works, have high academic failure rates, and come from unstable backgrounds (Bard et al, 1987). The underrepresentation of males from upper and middle class backgrounds may indicate a higher involvement in marital and date rapes, which have lower conviction and

Gender Differences in Communication

Gender Differences in Communication   The Difference of Language Used Between Men and Woman Many have wondered why men and women are so different. Everyone knows that both genders have a different way of talking to each other but no one knows exactly why. Why do males speak differently around females than they do with themselves? Is it through gender stereotypes that cause different language features they use in their speech? Or is there an an outside influence that is causing this phenomenon? The different speaking styles males and females use to converse, shows that their conversations are limited because of the influences of society. Throughout time, males were seen to have a different style of communication with females compared to their usual conversations with their fellow sex. This could also be said for females in vice versa. In male to male conversations, men are more seen to tease and joke around with their friends through profanity, sarcasm, or humor. In addition, they tend to avoid serious and emotional topics while females have these type of topics as their every day conversations. In female to female conversations, women are more careful about the choice of words they use and reflect upon the topics of their conversations. But why do men tend do avoid emotional/serious topics and why do females have to think before they speak? Can men also talk to women as if they were talking to their fellow sex? A sample of fifty California State University of Fullerton students were observed and ask about their opinions of this matter. Forty out of fifty males have responded that revealing their feelings, private li ves, or relationships would show their weaknesses and that it would lower their status as a confident, strong male. Forty-six out of the fifty females have also stated women are more cautious about their choice of words because females tend to be more sensitive and judgmental. And when the males were asked if they can talk to females the same way they talk to their friends, most of them said they cant. They have stated that their words or jokes could be too harsh and possibly hurt a girls feeling as females tend to be more sensitive or emotional. After the experiment, it was concluded that gender stereotypes was a possible major influence in the reason why men and women both speak differently. Although it is concluded that gender stereotypes is an influence on how men and women speak, how early is one introduced and influenced to gender stereotypes? Parents are the role models for their children. Their point of view and beliefs can also influence their childrens beliefs and views. For example, a Dad will tell his son not to cry because men dont cry over trivial things or a Dad will tell his daughter that she is his princess and treats her very gently. A mom can also tell her son to never hit a girl or to never say any mean things to a girl. Therefore, the male would never speak harshly towards or girl or show weakness. Another example would be a Mom telling her daughter her words have consequences and to always be kind to others. Therefore, the female would speak in a polite matter and is cautious with her words. It is shown that the parents can unintentionally integrate the concepts of gender stereotypes in their mind to help their child fit into the social norms of what is right and what is wrong. However, how early can a child learn to differentiate their language between both genders? A study of a one day observation on fifteen preschoolers have been performed. In result, all fifteen pre-schoolers have equally treated their classmates the same. The boys would talk just as roughly to the girls as they would to the boys and the girls would also join in yelling some insults when provoked. However, in recess a boy and girl got injured while running around the slide. The teacher hold the crying girl and comforted her while the teacher aide who took care of the boy, discouraged him from crying. One can see that the children in this early age of development are still oblivious to differentiation of language in genders. Though as they grow up, their personal experience with the people they interact and the people who influence them would slowly change how they speak towards others. Men and women have different perspectives on the world of communication. Women use the language as an act of sharing and an opportunity to increase intimacy with others, as well as to   express themselves and seek advice from others. While men often more focused on small talk that often revolves around topics related to business, sports, weather, and news where they have a clear purpose of the conversation in mind. (World of Psychology, 3) There are many different types of perspective seen by both genders. But can gender change their fixed mindset to a growing mindset? What would happen if males and females were to change their perspective of language and be more tolerant towards each other? For example, would it be possible for girls to be more tolerant of what others says or for males to be more expressive in their conversations? A population of ten Fullerton College students were asked. Eight out of ten said that it would not be possible because gender stereotypes have been ingrained into our culture. Therefore, the majority of the people will always have a fix mindset about the language we use towards different genders. In spite of that, two of the ten have stated that it could be possible but it would   gradually take over a long period of time. It is evident that men and womens style of language and communication differs in many ways. The analysis of the studies performed for this research shows that the differentiation of the language between genders is due to gender stereotypes. As well as it could be also due to the fact how the person was raised and what types of people he or she was surrounded with. Although both genders speak the same language, the choice of words have been limited because of the pressures of the societys norms. However, there is hope that someday the people will adapt into a growth mindset and erase the language barrier between males and females. Works Cited 6 Ways Men Women Communicate Differently. World of Psychology. N.p., 16 July 2014.  Web. 13 Feb. 2017.

Young Goodman Brown :: essays research papers

In 'Young Goodman Brown,'; Hawthorne makes the reader believe that Goodman Brown has learned that truth about the world and how evil it really is. In the story the accounts of Goodman Brown let you believe that he has truly seen the evil in the world and knows what lurks behind everybody masks. He makes you realize that even though the person may look holy and religious that evilness is all around us and most people will never ever find out the truth. The character Young Goodman Brown written by Nathaniel Hawthorne finds many issues of evil concerning the town's people in which he lives, about himself, and the reality behind the evil.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the story 'Young Goodman Brown'; Goodman Brown learns about evil in the towns people and how what he thought was the truth is really not. When Goodman Brown starts his voyage he knew what he was going in the woods to do, what he didn't realize is that the same reason he went to the woods was the same reason as the towns people. When Goodman encounters Goody Cloyse in the woods he is shocked that he sees her out there 'A marvel, truly, that Goody Cloyse should be so far in the wilderness at night fall.';(Hawthorne 98) When he learns of her travels and of how she is acquainted with the old man he is in disbelieve that a women that taught him religion is evil. When Goody asks the old man for a hand to take her to a communion he offers her cane and throws it down when it hits the ground it turns alive and Goody Close disappears. Leading you to believe that she is just an imagination to get Brown to believe in the evil. Goodman Brown also sees other town's members i n the woods such as highly respected people such as Deacon Gookin, and even his wife Faith. When Brown learns of Faith participating in this gathering in the woods he is distraught he loses his mind and goes crazy. Goodman brown learns valuable lessons in the woods about his town and the people and about the world. His journey changed the way he looked at things when he awoke from that night his feelings towards the people changed he believed that everybody is evil.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Goodman Brown learns many things about himself when he takes that journey into the woods, among many if his faith.

Education For Life Essay

The basic purpose of a liberal arts education is to liberate the human being to exercise his or her potential to the fullest. Liberal arts plays an important role in developing individuals and the world. When students attend liberal art colleges, they will understand the essence of humanity and will learn to shape and develop personal values. For a person to develop, he needs to understand the essence of humanity. When you attend college, your view on the meaning of life changes. You live for your minds and spirits and not just for the security of material wealth (Urbanek). You start to do things related to your work as this is your interest. This will make you care less about material wealth and you will focus more on the benefit of the world than the benefit of yourself. Liberal arts means arts of freedom. People learn about things that interest them. This makes the experience of learning better. Students will recognize the value of material things for what they are (Urbanek). They will start challenging tasks of design where they would learn how to translate ideas into actions. They will get to know the depth, flexibility and openness of their thinking and will also be able to recognize the importance of their thinking. Taking these ideas into consideration, I can say that liberal arts teaches people global responsibility, social awareness and self development, which is the essence of humanity. Thus, when the essence of humanity is known, then only a person will be able to acquire personal values. The value of liberal arts was appreciated by the students in older times but contemporary students do not share the same sentiment. In 1900, 70 percent of college students in US attended liberal arts colleges but today fewer that 5 percent do. The idea has taken hold by educators that todays youth are more materialistic, less idealistic and more self interested than their predecessors (Richard). In 1997, Yankelovitch survey focused on high school students and their parents, found that 85 percent of the high school students and 74 percent of their parents stated that the goal of college is to get a practical education and to secure a job. Furthermore, only 14 percent of the students and 27percent of their parents were even familiar with what a liberal art education is. Todays students tend to be career oriented, impatient and focused in material rewards (Kahn). People do not  know that liberal arts can offer a clearer understanding that work embodies the values of courage, honour and responsibility. Liberal art colleges expose you to a variety of academic disciplines and an excellent background for future work. The education gives you the ability to adapt to a changing environment, communicate effectively, think critically and solve complex problems, which can prove very useful in everyday lives. As you acquire personal values throughout your college years, it is important to learn how to shape these values. I believe that the central purpose of liberal arts education is to shape the values of people. The impact of liberal arts education on student value change is conclusive in determining whether higher education is effective in achieving this central purpose. According to a survey conducted at the University of California at Los Angeles, 8 out of 10 academics said they were spiritual, and 64 percent called themselves religious. More than half of the faculty members said that it was important to enhance undergraduates’ self-understanding and to develop their moral character and values. I think liberal arts is a great way to teach people their spiritual and moral responsibilities towards the community and world itself. Humanitarian values are defined by acceptance of value equivalency between ones own loyalties and those of all other individuals and groups, as well as respecting the rights of others to freely express similar claims and loyalties without infringement (Hollway). Values serve as guiding principles in the life of a person or other social entity and thus, it is important for people to learn how to shape these values. Values are described as serving the interests of some social entity, motivating action, giving direction, and having emotional intensity (Hollway). Therefore, these values are needed for the development of individuals. When individuals possess these values, they will be able to use them in their society. Employers around the world are looking for people who possess these values and have the ability to use them. Hence, liberal arts students will satisfy these employers. These students will also find opportunities to learn more as their primary goal is not material wealth. This will help countries to better their economy. These values will benefit the students themselves as well as the world. Once a person understands the essence of humanity and learns to shape and develop values, he will be able to make changes to the world. Liberal arts students have the skills to become valuable community members. They make decisions, solve problems and communicate the solutions to others. Liberal arts prepares these students to be successful throughout their life. WORKS CITED Urbanek, Jennifer. The EBSCOhost. 28 Oct. 2007 Kahn, Beverly. Co-opting The Market Place. Journal of Higher Education: p.19. EBSCOhost. 28 Oct. 2007 Richard, M. The Practical Path, Too, Can Be High-Minded. Chronicle of Higher Education: p.11. EBSCOhost. 28 Oct. 2007 Hollway, Michael. A Comparison of the Impact of 2 Liberal Arts. Journal of General Education: p.237. EBSCOhost. 28 Oct. 2007

Free Essays on Korean War

The Korean War and Desert Storm The military strategies between the Korean War and Desert storm are very similar. These wars were both focused on political objectives. With both of these wars, new technology and strategies were introduced. The two wars both resulted in the same way and both were strategically set up in the same way. This led to ways of planning future wars. Many of our military approaches today started in Korea in 1950. Both of these wars were thought out with much caution. The results from desert storm ended with withdrawal from Kuwait. Similarly the results of the Korean War ended with withdrawal from North Korean Peoples Army from ROK, also known as South Korea. In both of these wars North Korea and Iraq invaded another independent territory. The both went against their neighboring countries to unite them by force. In these two wars large coalitions were used against the other countries. In desert Storm the large coalition of the United States were used against Iraq. They came in to help and were a major part in the war. In the Korean War they had the United Nations forces coalition that was used against South Korea. They were also a major part in the war and helped out greatly. The two coalitions made the war what it was. If they hadn’t have helped out the wars wouldn’t have been as effective as they were. In both of these wars common tactics were used. In Desert Storm, Iraq and coalition forces leased for agreement during the war. They needed a common agreement to stop fighting. Similarly in the Korean War, North Korea and the United Nations also needed a fire agreement. The U.N. needed an agreement to stop fire, the same as the U.S. needed to stop fire from Iraq. Another major thing that happened in bout of these wars was in Desert Storm there was an integration of modern weaponry and roles. New technology and weapons were introduced allowing an easier way of fighting. They were introduced to t... Free Essays on Korean War Free Essays on Korean War The Korean War and Desert Storm The military strategies between the Korean War and Desert storm are very similar. These wars were both focused on political objectives. With both of these wars, new technology and strategies were introduced. The two wars both resulted in the same way and both were strategically set up in the same way. This led to ways of planning future wars. Many of our military approaches today started in Korea in 1950. Both of these wars were thought out with much caution. The results from desert storm ended with withdrawal from Kuwait. Similarly the results of the Korean War ended with withdrawal from North Korean Peoples Army from ROK, also known as South Korea. In both of these wars North Korea and Iraq invaded another independent territory. The both went against their neighboring countries to unite them by force. In these two wars large coalitions were used against the other countries. In desert Storm the large coalition of the United States were used against Iraq. They came in to help and were a major part in the war. In the Korean War they had the United Nations forces coalition that was used against South Korea. They were also a major part in the war and helped out greatly. The two coalitions made the war what it was. If they hadn’t have helped out the wars wouldn’t have been as effective as they were. In both of these wars common tactics were used. In Desert Storm, Iraq and coalition forces leased for agreement during the war. They needed a common agreement to stop fighting. Similarly in the Korean War, North Korea and the United Nations also needed a fire agreement. The U.N. needed an agreement to stop fire, the same as the U.S. needed to stop fire from Iraq. Another major thing that happened in bout of these wars was in Desert Storm there was an integration of modern weaponry and roles. New technology and weapons were introduced allowing an easier way of fighting. They were introduced to t... Free Essays on Korean War Korean War About a half a century ago, a war erupted in Korea on June 25, 1950, along the 38th parallel that separated North and South Korea. The communist-ruled North Korea invaded South Korea. The United Nations called this invasion a violation of international peace. The Korean War was the first war in which a world organization, such as the United Nations, played a major military role. The United States provided about ninety percent of the troops, military equipment, and supplies that were sent to South Korea. The Soviet Union gave military equipment to the North Koreans and China, which fought on the side of the North Koreans. The Korean War was one of the bloodiest wars in history. Over a million South Korean people were killed and several million were left homeless. More than one and a half million communist troops were killed, wounded or reported missing. When North Korea invaded South Korea the North Korean army had about one hundred and thirty five thousand soldiers. North Korea had tanks, airplanes, and artillery. South Korea had only ninety-five thousand soldiers and very few planes. In South Korea they did not have any tanks. After the UN forces (90% from America) joined the South Koreans to assist, they had over a million soldiers and countless airplanes, tanks, and artillery. The North Koreans army grew after the Soviet Union and China sent more than nine hundred thousand troops during the war. The Korean War marked the first battles between jet aircraft. Allies were forced back to the Pusan Perimeter by August 2. The Pusan Perimeter was a battle line in the southeast corner of South Korea. It extended roughly from the city of Pohang on the southeast coast, west around Taegu, and south and southeast nearly to Pusan. The Nakdong River was the boundary of most of the area. Allied bombers and fighter planes from South Korea reared over North Korea. The Soviet Union soon began to supply North Korea with MiG-15 jets...

Child Soldiers in the Republic of Congo

Child Soldiers in the Republic of Congo The deadly conflicts experienced by the Democratic Republic of Congo at the end of the twentieth and the beginning of the twenty-first centuries caused numerous negative consequences resulting in the severe social crisis in the country. The Second Congo War that started in 1998 has become one of the most dreadful armed conflicts of the second half of the twentieth century (McMullen, O’Callaghan, Shannon, Black, Eakin, 2013).Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Child Soldiers in the Republic of Congo specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Recruitment of child soldiers is one of the practices often used by official and nonofficial armed forces in the country. Such practice presents a serious threat to the life and psychological health of children as the experience gained in the army leaves irreversible changes in their social attitudes and psyche. Finding an effective solution to the problem of child soldiers in Congo is necessary for ensuring the healthy environment for the population of the country. Though numerous actions were taken to demobilize the child soldiers after the official end of the war, a certain number of children is still recruited by military groups. The process of demobilization of child soldiers is complicated by the fact that many children do not find support in the society and do not consider themselves a part of it. Investigating the social and ethnic background of former child soldiers can contribute to the success of prevention of future recruitment. The aim of this paper is to answer the questions related to the social and ethnic identity of demobilized child soldiers. The research is aimed at checking if the hypothesis that most soldiers come from the same social and ethnic group is true to life. Confirming or refuting the hypothesis are of vital importance, as the identification of a certain group of children most vulnerable to being recruited by the army will help t o prevent further recruitment by encouraging proper institutions to focus on providing appropriate preventive activities for this group. The Overview of the Research Design As the purpose of the study is to answer the questions about the background of the child soldiers in Congo, descriptive research design seems to be the most appropriate one. A good description is â€Å"fundamental to the research enterprise† as it contributes to the knowledge of the nature of the society (What is research design?, n.d., p. 1). The specifics of descriptive research fit the purpose of the study, as such research helps to obtain the information that is crucial for devising hypotheses and proposing associations (Monsen Van Horn, 2008). As description â€Å"paves the way to prediction†, the chosen research design will help to predict the association between the social and ethnic background of children and their inclination to participate in the Army (Mitchell Jolley, 2013, p. 272).Adve rtising Looking for proposal on ethnicity studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Quantitative research, as a type of descriptive studies, appears to be suitable for the study, as it will help to collect data about the issues discussed above and organize it into valuable descriptive statistics (Monsen Van Horn, 2008, p. 5). The choice of data collection and analysis methods should correspond to the chosen research design. The Data Collection Methods Gathering data about the social and ethnic background of former child soldiers in Congo can be done by using survey methods. As the researcher is learning French, which is the first language in Congo, it will be relatively easy to use such method of data collection as focus group interviews. Focus groups will include family members of demobilized child soldiers and the members of civil society. Each of the group will consist of 5-9 people (Kwok-to Choi Chan, 2013). Suc h survey data collection technique as constructing necessary questionnaire will be used to create an appropriate basis for the interviews. Each group will be requested to answer a certain number of questions during an-hour-long sessions. The participants will be asked to share their views on the discussed issue, and the appropriate records will be made. Monitoring of narratives of demobilized children in Congo will also be used as an additional method of obtaining data for the study. The narratives will be selected based on careful analysis to identify certain features related to social and ethnic background common among child soldiers. Analysis Methods The collected data will be analyzed by reviewing the answers of the participants and identifying if they reflect common social and ethnic patterns typical of child soldiers in Congo. The detailed statistical analysis of obtained information will be conducted to demonstrate if certain social and ethnic groups prevail among former chil d soldiers. Descriptive statistics analysis will suit the purpose of the study and help the researcher to find the association between the investigated factors and the willingness to participate in the army. Descriptive statistics will help to describe the basic features of the data obtained during the study and provide summaries about the sample (Trochim, 2006). Such statistics will enable the researcher to describe what the data shows. Two variables, social background and ethnic origin of former child soldiers, will be analyzed. As it is rather difficult to calculate the statistics when there two or more variables, appropriate statistics program should be used. The data will be put to Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program to get the appropriate table of results.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Child Soldiers in the Republic of Congo specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A Sampling Scheme A rando m sample will be used to ensure that the results can predict the features common to the whole population. A sample frame will be defined to determine a complete list of the population from which the sample should be selected. The creation of sample frame database will enable the researcher to conduct random number selection. The necessary information about the families of former child soldiers will be attained from appropriate institutions, and ten families from different parts of the country will be chosen based on the method of probability sampling. Ten groups of the members of civil society living in various regions of the country will also be chosen randomly. Such method of sampling will help to prevent inaccuracy and ensure that the identified patterns refer to all child soldiers. The written narratives for analysis will also be selected randomly from the database of appropriate institutions located in different regions of Congo. The total number of chosen narratives will be tw enty. The assessment of the selected sample will be conducted to eliminate the risk of missing certain groups of population and getting subjective results. Sample validation will be carried out to ensure that the selected participants truly represent the whole population. Strengths and Weaknesses of the Research Design The main strengths of the research design include its suitability to the purpose of the study. The chosen research design enables the researcher to answer the initial research questions and check the hypothesis. Besides, such research design enables the researcher to ensure that the data obtained during it is objective, and the results can be applied to the whole population. The objectivity of the results is of vital importance, as it lets the researcher make well-grounded claims and encourage further research based on already gained relevant information on the issue. Usage of group based interviews will help to monitor a big number of the people living in Congo in a relatively short period. On the other side, the absence of individualistic approach in group interviews can be defined as a weakness of the research design. However, careful and friendly communication with the individuals included in the groups will help to eliminate the risks related to lack of individualistic features of the survey.Advertising Looking for proposal on ethnicity studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Descriptive statistics analysis will help to analyze the collected data and draw certain conclusions. The researcher will be able to find the correlation between certain social and ethnic groups and the level of children’s participation in military groups. The usage of SPSS software will help to prevent any possibility of making mistakes while calculating the statistics. Usage of random sampling gives numerous benefits to the research, as it helps to ensure that the results are appropriate for being considered typical for the whole population of Congo. Though such sampling requires more time and effort, careful communication with appropriate institutions will help to overcome these challenges. The chosen research design has numerous benefits and will enable the researcher to answer vital questions about the nature of the phenomenon of child soldiers in Congo. The gained results will help other specialists to suggest the appropriate strategy for combating children’s inv olvement in military organizations in Congo. References Kwok-to Choi, M., Chan, K. (2013). Online dating as a strategic game: Why and how men in Hong Kong use QQ to chase women in mainland China. Berlin: Springer Heidelberg. McMullen, J., O’Callaghan, P., Shannon, C., Black, A., Eakin, J. (2013). Group trauma-focused cognitive-behavioural therapy with former child soldiers and other war-affected boys in the DR Congo: A randomised controlled trial. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54(11), 1231-1241. Mitchell, M., Jolley, J. (2013). Research design: Explained (8th ed.). Belmont, California: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. Monsen, E., Van Horn, L. (2008). Research: Successful approaches (3rd ed.). New York: American Dietetic Association. Trochim, W. (2006). Descriptive Statistics. Retrieved from socialresearchmethods.net/kb/statdesc.php What is a research design? (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.nyu.edu/classes/bkg/methods/005847ch1.pdf

Choose one or two artists that we've discussed in class and discuss Essay

Choose one or two artists that we've discussed in class and discuss those artists' work in relationship to the main concepts - Essay Example This radical evolution of art gaining evolutionary-revolutionary power over humankind has shaken the society. Art as an expression reflects what is happening in a certain society and culture. If art is a work output, then it must come from inside of the artist. The freedom of every individual lets him explore the vastness of his creativity exploding into varied concepts of supreme work of art and achievements. The dynamic relationship of the artist with the environment creates significant thoughts within him. With all his intellect, emotions, and religious beliefs, he freely cast out what he infers from his system. This symbiotic human cycle produces a total artwork that is directed into shaping the world creating history and directing the course of the future. The axiom that art has been devised by modern people as the tool to voice out socio-political concerns is highly evident in the many various forms of arts now produced. In fact, many art shows conceptualized with a certain the me has been made all over the world. Artists, their supporters and critics flock like vultures at these events creating both ingrates and malcontents alike. The immersion and integration of various works of arts revolving around a single theme or idea echo with a bang to the public. The message is sent out clear and loud. In fact, louder than expected since a lot of people react differently to them. Hence, it creates so much controversy that can not taken for granted. They are called in various names: Artist as Victim, Artist as Star, Victim’s representative or whatever. There is a raw exposure of the various artist feelings of marginalization and exclusion according to what they perceive from the present outside world. This creates a big fiesta of whining with loud utterances of hidden parody made for women, lesbians, gays, blacks, the poor and deprived (Hughes, 1993). Barbara Kruger is one artist of the modern times that creates a voice heard instantly by those who perceive her works. Many of her works provoke issues and create lasting consciousness to the passive public. Feminism is greatly conveyed by most of her works. Generally, her masterpieces, maybe, a collage, photo shoot, or a canvass of massive blots with various hues is centralized with what is deep inside of her. The colors with captions chants with loud and piercing sonata as they are mass produced in various mediums such as T-shirts, cups, streamers, billboards, and etc. Some may consider them as commercialism strategy, but still, the existence of sharp concerto through the soundless voice in the message of her works has indeed reach the ears even to the society dozed in somber aloofness. Kruger’s stylistic works can come from a magazine image, black and white pictures, enlarged image skewed to monumental proportions, photos from real life events, incorporation of various clippings, and collages. Most of her works are known for captions and text message embezzled on the image. She is quite vocal in addressing her thoughts in her works regardless of medium. She incorporates language and pictures quite powerfully. Some of her works, â€Å"We won’t play nature to your culture† and â€Å"Perfect† are great masterpieces that echoes feministic ideas. The former shows a picture of a woman’s countenance with eyes covered with leaves. Thousand words can be used to describe the supposed to be

HOW SHOULD THE CIVIL WAR BE REMEMBERED Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

HOW SHOULD THE CIVIL WAR BE REMEMBERED - Essay Example Remembering the U.S. Civil War on this ground could be an endeavour of looking into its meaning and of reconstructing the image and substance of such meaning as though to retrieve its succulence from the most sensational core of U.S. history. Isn’t it that the Civil War was chiefly fought for the sake of addressing the issue of color that is essentially and most cruelly manifest in black slavery? Even to this day, any American or non-American must have naturally inculcated in the mind the echoes of what it means to be black and what it means to be white. Slavery of the colored race is a subject that raises both psychological and emotional concern over the memory of excruciating negro struggle in the past, considering especially the internal conflicts within its vast enduring realm. The delicate imagery of black slaves in plantation and in other fields that tasted the sweat and blood of negroes slave-driven to free yet heavy menial labor or subjected to physical abuse and death by the discretion of the white master as well as the picture of intimate oppression of black women treated as sex slaves, child bearers, house servants, and companions all constituted what the Civil War had to bring toward grave resolution for good. Keeping or abolishing the treacherous bondage herein that symbolizes racial inequality is a responsibility for which the two major factions in the Civil War ought not to be forgotten particularly the moment of Hood’s defeat where â€Å"The destruction of Hood’s army coincided with the final step toward the constitutional destruction of slavery† (McPherson 503) according to J. McPherson. Much as the Civil War ought to be remembered in the manner that signifies its cause, it should be held in equivalent regard owing to the separation between the federal North and the confederate South along with the intense long years of war through which the bulk of contradicting interests, strengths, and weaknesses of both had been identified in the process. One should remember well, via academic discourse, that the Civil War served to fulfil the duty which the War on Independence had somewhat fallen short to accomplish a century prior and that the South would not have seceded to establish Confederacy were it not to the inevitable occurrence of distaste toward certain aspects of federalism. While the North was industrial, democratic, and progressive, on the other hand, the South remained agricultural, aristocratic, and conservative. A majority of Northerners viewed the inhabitants of the South as indolent, poorly educated, and misbehaved people who would irrationally counter ideas and possibilities which could enable the United States to achieve its goals with capitalism. Moreover, the severe degree of violent opposition between the Union and the Confederacy may be perceived in a fashion McPherson notes the confession of Sherman, remarking in convicted tone:-- â€Å"We are not only fighting hostile armies, bu t a hostile people – Defeating Southern armies was not enough to win the war, the railroads, factories, and families that supplied and fed them must be destroyed; the will of the civilian population that sustained the armies must be crushed† (496). If indeed the Civil War should occupy a place in remembrances to be paid credits of respect in the present,

The Industrial Revolution and its Impact on the United States Research Paper - 1

The Industrial Revolution and its Impact on the United States - Research Paper Example On the technology front, the biggest advancements were in steam power. New fuels such as coal and petroleum, were incorporated into new steam engines. This revolutionized many industries including textiles and manufacturing. Also, a new communication medium was invented called the telegraph. This made communicating across the ocean much faster . The invention of steam power gave momentum to the development of rail transport in America. Moreover, petroleum and diesel engine engines were also discovered followed by the steam engine. All these discoveries contributed heavily to the development of transportation facilities and infrastructure. Before the introduction of these engines, Americans were using other means of transport which were comparatively slower that that with automobiles. In other words, the distance between different places appeared to be more than what it is today, before the introduction of of engines and the subsequent discoveries of automobiles. Along with the discovery of automobiles, industrial revolution brought another major breakthrough in communication in the form of the discovery of telegraph. Telegraph and automobiles contributed heavily to the development of communication and transportation which in turn gave momentum to the development of manufacturing units or industries and businesses across Amer ica. The full impact of the Industrial Revolution would not begin to be realized until about 100 years later in the 1800s, when the use of machines to replace human labor spread throughout Europe and North America .